Acute Kidney Injury
What acute kidney injury is, how it differs from chronic kidney disease, its causes, and how recovery works.
Last updated: 2026-09-24
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden fall in kidney function over hours or days. Unlike chronic kidney disease, AKI is frequently reversible when the underlying cause is treated promptly.
Common causes
- Severe dehydration or blood loss
- Serious infection (sepsis)
- Certain medicines, including some painkillers and antibiotics
- Urinary obstruction
Treatment and recovery
Treatment targets the cause, with careful fluid management and monitoring. Some patients require temporary dialysis. Early treatment substantially improves the chance of full recovery.
Frequently asked questions
Is AKI the same as chronic kidney disease?
No. AKI is sudden and often reversible; CKD is gradual and usually permanent. Severe or repeated AKI can lead to CKD.
Can painkillers cause kidney failure?
Yes, certain NSAIDs, especially at high dose or during dehydration, can cause or worsen kidney injury.